Prior research on database importance for systematic reviews has looked primarily at whether included references could have theoretically been found in a certain database, but most have been unable to ascertain whether the researchers actually found the articles in those databases [10, 12, 16, 17, 26]. Identify resources at your library and in the collections of the worlds libraries. Complexity The provision of the functionality we expect of a good DBMS makes the DBMS an extremely complex piece of software. 2016;16:161. van Enst WA, Scholten RJ, Whiting P, Zwinderman AH, Hooft L. Meta-epidemiologic analysis indicates that MEDLINE searches are sufficient for diagnostic test accuracy systematic reviews. Ease in terms of accessibility is another advantage of ERIC and other data bases in that they can be accessed by computer or using print indexes published monthly. However, for one review of this domain, the recall was 82%. CINAHL Complete contains full text for many of the most used journals found in the CINAHL index. Although we did not use these special topic databases in all of our reviews, given the low number of reviews where these databases added relevant references, and observing the special topics of those reviews, we suggest that these subject databases will only add value if the topic is related to the topic of the database. By closing this message, you are consenting to our use of cookies. Rethlefsen ML, Farrell AM, Osterhaus Trzasko LC, Brigham TJ. The recall of the database combinations was calculated over all included references retrieved by any database. To learn more about Boolean operators, please see this Quick Answer: Here is an example of how to put together a complex search in CINAHL: Note: If you have not already logged in to the Library databases, you will be prompted to log in with your myWalden Portal user name and password. Nursing: Indexes & Databases. A total of 292 (17%) references were found by only one database. To learn about our use of cookies and how you can manage your cookie settings, please see our Cookie Policy. We calculated the ratio between the number of results found when searching all databases, including databases not included in our analyses, such as Scopus, PsycINFO, and CINAHL, and the number of results found searching a selection of databases. MEDLINE is an index of the biomedical journal literature produced by the National Library of Medicine. How do I view content? The skills and experience of the searcher are one of the most important aspects in the effectiveness of systematic review search strategies [23,24,25]. Halladay et al. All searches in this study were developed and executed by W.M.B. J Clin Epidemiol. Article Syst Rev. For the search of nursing care literature on a medical condition, it was helpful to search both CINAHL and MEDLINE. Our study shows that, to reach maximum recall, searches in systematic reviews ought to include a combination of databases. 2005;93:7480. According to our data, PubMeds as supplied by publisher subset retrieved 12 unique included references, and it was the most important addition in terms of relevant references to the four major databases. Depending on the goal of the search, different measures may be optimized. It covers more than 50 nursing specialties and includes quick lessons, evidence-based care sheets, CEU modules and research instruments. The purpose of this research was to determine which of three databases, CINAHL, EMBASE or MEDLINE, should be accessed when researching nursing topics. What is considered acceptable recall for systematic review searches is open for debate and can differ between individuals and groups. Systematic Reviews See Table1 for definitions of these measures. 2 for the comparison of the recall of Embase, MEDLINE, and Cochrane CENTRAL per review for all identified domains. The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on a reasonable request. All authors have approved the final manuscript. A recent paper tried to find an acceptable number needed to read for adding an additional database; sadly, however, no true conclusion could be drawn [20]. Cite this article. Based on our calculations made by looking at random systematic reviews in PubMed, we estimate that 60% of these reviews are likely to have missed more than 5% of relevant references only because of the combinations of databases that were used. The third key database we identified in this research, Web of Science, is only mentioned as a citation index in the Cochrane Handbook, not as a bibliographic database. vD@3h0MusH%|$e5Cl|Pl aWEEv~3v:hq`M 1LYi"eo*mZTmiMBV(']YJYa:{Xk4S9Tj-MLNAN}V%!U]h*us(5i:8}takdd-~^3I+LR0mkb4Kb3tTl! Health Inf Libr J. Unique references were included articles that had been found by only one database search. We estimate that 60% of published systematic reviews do not retrieve 95% of all available relevant references as many fail to search important databases. However, searching databases is laborious and time-consuming, as syntax of search strategies are database specific. Article A nursing qualitative systematic review required MEDLINE and CINAHL for study identification. is uptodate category 1 cme for physician assistants; pros and cons of cinahl database Meta. J Psychosom Res. j 'o PubMed For the databases that retrieved the most unique included references, we calculated the number of references retrieved (after deduplication) and the number of included references that had been retrieved by all possible combinations of these databases, in total and per review. It offers job search and workplace skills improvement, skill building in reading, writing, math, and basic science, career certification and licensure exam prep, college and grad school entrance test prep, GED test prep, and more. 2016;87:713. When looking at the overall recall, the combination of Embase and MEDLINE and either Google Scholar or Web of Science could be regarded sufficient with 96% recall. ; ; Lemeshow AR, Blum RE, Berlin JA, Stoto MA, Colditz GA. Searching one or two databases was insufficient for meta-analysis of observational studies. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. When the overall number of hits was low, we additionally searched Scopus, and when appropriate for the topic, we included CINAHL (EBSCOhost), PsycINFO (Ovid), and SportDiscus (EBSCOhost) in our search. PubMed does not. 2015 Jun 26;4:82. doi: 10.1186/s13643-015-0074-7. P?p~p[pL A^!!.zIzTVw8fIrHtbyzb,FKp*^rU BL@BXFHZY+Ifn_R]4CrVt@Z93Pv}Nm,a`YMv'PN` 7"t YsaQ>+dpZhS++pRBb*0n%D,A\G-;rXHD6JK7%ME9,|<9 Wichor M. Bramer. Whether Embase and Web of Science can be replaced by Scopus remains uncertain. EMBASE versus MEDLINE for family medicine searches: can MEDLINE searches find the forest or a tree? The three databases were searched for citations on topics selected by three nurse researchers and the results were compared. Using that combination, 93% of the systematic reviews in our study obtained levels of recall that could be considered acceptable (>95%). Consequently . Most of the previous studies did not include these two databases in their research. Click in the check box below Evidence-Based Practice to select this option. Some concluded that searching only one database can be sufficient as searching other databases has no effect on the outcome [16, 17]. PubMed Central Figure5 shows the improvement of precision for 15 databases and database combinations. PMC Click in the check box below Research Article to select this option. We are not implying that a combined search of the four recommended databases will never result in relevant references being missed, rather that failure to search any one of these four databases will likely lead to relevant references being missed. The combination of Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science Core Collection, and Google Scholar performed best, achieving an overall recall of 98.3 and 100% recall in 72% of systematic reviews. WB designed the searches used in this study and gathered the data. However, Embase is only accessible via a paid subscription, which generally makes it challenging for review teams not affiliated with academic medical centers to access. To ensure adequate performance in searches (i.e., recall, precision, and number needed to read), we find that literature searches for a systematic review should, at minimum, be performed in the combination of the following four databases: Embase, MEDLINE (including Epub ahead of print), Web of Science Core Collection, and Google Scholar. For this study, we searched to achieve as high a recall as possible, though our search strategies, like any other search strategy, still missed some relevant references because relevant terms had not been used in the search. Using similar calculations, also shown in Table5, we estimated the probability that 100% of relevant references were retrieved is 23%. 2005 Jan;58(1):20-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2004.06.001. Res Synth Methods. The purpose of this research was to determine which of three databases, CINAHL, EMBASE or MEDLINE, should be accessed when researching nursing topics. PubMedGoogle Scholar. 2023 BioMed Central Ltd unless otherwise stated. The databases avail-able include the Cochrane Collaboration, Medline (in various forms such as PubMed), Best Evidence10and Embase.The most widely used and most often recom-mended database isMedline. 2016 Feb 9;5:27. doi: 10.1186/s13643-016-0197-5. LearningExpress Library features nearly 1,000 online tutorials, practice tests, and eBooks to help patrons of all ages. Over a third of the reviews were therapeutic, while slightly under a quarter answered an etiological question. At Erasmus MC, search strategies for systematic reviews are often designed via a librarian-mediated search service. A review of meta-analyses. J Clin Epidemiol. how to send secure email attachments in gmail. Technical Problems Every computer system will have a breakdown. We analyzed whether the added value of Web of Science and Google Scholar was dependent of the domain of the review. We use cookies to improve your website experience. The other authors declare no competing interests. Optimal searches in systematic reviews should search at least Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar as a minimum requirement to guarantee adequate and efficient coverage. Bramer WM, de Jonge GB, Rethlefsen ML, Mast F, Kleijnen J. What is lost when searching only one literature database for articles relevant to injury prevention and safety promotion? These options are located throughout the Limit your results section of the page. mOkV1#8 (uTb MeSH A secondary aim is to investigate the current practice of databases searched for published reviews. Did you know that with a free Taylor & Francis Online account you can gain access to the following benefits? Lastly, access to databases is often limited and only available on subscription basis. Hold down the Ctrl key to select multiple options. PubMed was used to identify systematic reviews published using our search strategy results. This search was used in earlier research [21]. Searching multiple databases for systematic reviews: added value or diminishing returns? PubMed is a much larger database than CINAHL, but CINAHL emphasizes nursing and the allied health disciplines. Abbreviations: EM Embase, ML MEDLINE, WoS Web of Science, GS Google Scholar. NOTE There are many limiters that we haven't covered. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Investigators and information specialists searching for relevant references for a systematic review (SR) are generally advised to search multiple databases and to use additional methods to be able to adequately identify all literature related to the topic of interest [1,2,3,4,5,6]. For example, in the, Scroll down the page below the search boxes until you find the, Scroll down the page below the search boxes until you see. Before Inj Prev. Optimal database combinations for literature searches in systematic reviews: a prospective exploratory study, https://doi.org/10.1186/s13643-017-0644-y, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/. The three databases were searched for citations on topics selected by three nurse researchers and the results were compared. There are disadvantages to using multiple databases. Searching only Embase produced an NNR of 57 on average, whereas, for the optimal combination of four databases, the NNR was 73. Of the five reviews that included only RCTs, four reached 100% recall if MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar combined were complemented with Cochrane CENTRAL. Our earlier research had resulted in 206 systematic reviews published between 2014 and July 2016, in which the first author was affiliated with Erasmus MC [21]. In 73 of these, the searches and results had been documented by the first author of this article at the time of the last search. Finding resources: MEDLINE. For the search of nursing care literature on a medical condition, it was helpful to search both CINAHL and MEDLINE. <>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/Annots[ 9 0 R 10 0 R] /MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> WB and ML analyzed the data. 2 0 obj A systematic approach to searching: how to perform high quality literature searches more efficiently. stream Using this limiter will limit your results to EBP research articles, including clinical trials, meta analyses, and systematic reviews, as well as articles from EBP journals and about EBP. CINAHL provided the majority of relevant articles for the second search, on computers and privacy, but inclusion of MEDLINE and EMBASE enhanced retrieval somewhat. Bookshelf BMC Med Res Methodol. An official website of the United States government. In that case, Google Scholar might add value by searching the full text of articles. ?lq!9!OW$2w1tp=/0 0aPz6Kx|M}97_jn{oy0@o65I>KrjPov= D@H?z`. Nearly 5,000 journals are read and their individual articles indexed and added to the MEDLINE database, which contains information about over 12 million journal articles. MEDLINE is a great resource for medical . Lorenzetti DL, Topfer L-A, Dennett L, Clement F. Value of databases other than MEDLINE for rapid health technology assessments. Systematic reviews of epidemiology in diabetes: finding the evidence. Case studies may be prospective (in which criteria are established and cases fitting the criteria are included as they become available) or retrospective (in which criteria are established and cases are selected from historical records for inclusion in the study). For articles relevant to injury prevention and safety promotion and CINAHL for identification... Used journals found in the collections of the previous studies did not include these databases! Considered acceptable recall for systematic reviews: added value or diminishing returns the were. 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